Afghanistan: Kugaruka kw'aba Taliban gusobanuye iki ku rwego mpuzamakungu?

Ingingo ya gihugihuti y'ubutegetsi bwa Joe Biden yo kuva muri Afghanistan nayo yayice yihutira kunegurwa - aho abatari bake bayibona nk'iyitari ikenewe kandi ko ari ubuhemu.

Ibiriko biraba muri Afghanistan bibandanya bigereranywa n'ivyabaye muri Vietnam - aho ibinyamakuru bitari bike vyerekana za kajugujugu ziriko zihungisha abanyagihugu ba Amerika zibakura mu gisagara cigaruriwe n'abari bahanganye n'ingabo za Amerika. Ariko muri rusangi - n'aho hari bike bisa - hariho kandi n'ubudasa bukomeye.

Cane cane, ibihe vya kino gihe ntibisa nivyo mu myaka ya 1970. Amerika - canke ibihugu vyo mu burengero muri rusangi - vyisanga mu ntambara nyinshi kandi nyinshi muri zo birazitsinda.

Ariko ubu incuti za Washington muri iyi ntambara ya Afghanistan ziboneka ko zumiwe. Zumva ko zahemukiwe.

Iki rero nico gikomeye - aho incuti za Washington zacitsemwo ibice. Ibibaye muri Afghanistan bizobaha icigwa nyabaki?

Ureste ingorane zihari ubu, ubwo ibihugu vya OTAN/NATO, hamwe na Israel, Taiwan, Korea y'Epfo, canke Ubuyapani ntibizohava bibona ko Amerika itakiri incuti yo kwizera ugaherezako?

Bigenze uko, ingingo ya Biden yo kuva muri Afghanistan yoba ibaye akaga gakomeye.

Ifoto iteye ubwoba yerekana ihunga ry'abanya Afghanistan

Iyi sanamu ni imwe mu masanamu ateye ubwoba yerekana Afghanistan imaze kwigarurirwa n'aba Taliban. Aba ni abanya Afghanistan amajana n'amajana barundanye mu ndege ya Amerika mu gihe bariko barahunga bava ku mugwa mukuru Kabul.

Iyi sanamu, ariko itashoboye guhinyuzwa na BBC, yatanzwe n'urubuga ngurukanabumenyi, Defense One, rwegukira igisata ca Amerika kijejwe kwivuna abansi.

Ku wa Mungu, abasivire batekewe n'ubwoba biteye mu ndege ikivunga, urwo rubuga rusubiramwo ayo majambo yavuzwe n'umutegetsi wa Amerika, ariko abadereva b'indege bakaba bafashe ingingo ko vyoba vyiza kuguruka aho kwururutsa aba banya Afghanistan.

Iyo ndege yatwaye abantu 640 bose - igitigiri kiri mu bitigiri binini cane bitwawe n'iyo ndege, yo mu bwoko bwa C-17.

Ni igitigiri cegereje, n'aho atari hafi, igitigiri kitarigera gishikwako n'iyindi ndege iyo ari yo yose, icatwawe n'indege ya Israel Boeing 747 yatwaye abimukira b'Abayahudi barenga 1,000 ibavanye muri Ethiopia mu 1991.

Uyu mutegetsi wo mu bushikiranganji bwo kwivuna abansi wa Amerika yasubiwemwo na Defense One avuga ko urwo rugendo rwavuye i Kabul ruja i Qatar ari rumwe muri nyinshi zakuye amajana n'amajana y'abanya Afghanistan i Kabul.

Iyi sanamu, ariko itatanzwe ku mugaragaro na Pentagon, ntisa n'ayandi masanamu yavuye ku kibuga c'indege c'i Kabul ku wa mbere yerekana ingene iki kibuga cari carengewe n'abanya Afghanistan batekewe n'ubwoba ko igihugu kigiye gusubira mu minwe y'aba Taliban. Abasirikare ba Amerika bariko bita ku rutare kugira ngo bafate ibintu mu minwe.

Iyindi sanamu isa n'iyo ku wa mbere yerekanye abanya Afghanistan amajana n'amajana basiganwa n'indege nk'iyo nyene mu gihe yariko iragenda, bamwe bariko burira baca ku ruhande.

Ibinyamakuru vyo muri ico gihugu bivuga ko n'imiburiburi abantu babiri bakorotse bagapfa igihe indege yahaguruka.

Hari bamwe bibaza igituma abenshi mu baboneka ku kibuga c'indege ari abagabo.

Inyishu imwe ni uko abagore benshi bagumye mu mazu kubera batinya ko aba Taliban bashobora kubatoteza kubera ari abagore.

Iyindi nsiguro ni uko imiryango myinshi yipfuza ko abagabo bagenda ubwa mbere kugira ngo bamaze gusohoka babandanya bayifasha mu kuyirungikira amafaranga, hanyuma bongere barondere ingene bohungisha abakunzi babo.

Iyindi mihari ya ki-Islam ivuga iki ku ntsinzi y'aba Taliban?

Iyindi mihari ya ki Islam iriko irihweza irindiriye kubona nimba aba Taliban bazoshinga reta ya ki Islam igendera kw'itegeko rya Sharia, n'ukungene iki gihugu kizoba kigendera kuri Sharia kizoba kimeze.

Hagati aho, iyi mihari igendera ku vyiyumviro vya Islam, havuyemwo umuhari Islamic State (IS), ibandanya yishimira itsinzi y'aba Taliban - ikabona ko ari inyungu ku yindi mihari yose ya ki Islam kw'isi yose.

Aba Taliban babaye rurangiranwa nk'akarwi gato cane kavuyemwo umuhari ukomeye gushika aho wifatira igihugu gishigikiwe na Amerika/OTAN mu ndwi nke cane. N'ubwo bimeze uko, hari bimwe bimwe iyi mihari itumvikanako.

Zimwe muri poritike z'aba Taliban zijanye n'imigenderanire n'amakungu, nk'ubutumwa bwiza bwahawe ibihugu bibanyi n'akarere, harimwo Ubushinwa, hamwe n'ivyo biyemeje vyo gushinga reta ihuriyemwo bose, ntibibonwa neza n'imirwi y'intagondwa, harimwo abashigikiye umuhari al-Qaeda.

Hagati aho, IS, umuhari uzwi ko usanzwe ari umukeba ruhebwa w'aba Taliban, ntiwerekwa iyi ntsinzi. Uwu muhari wabandanije ukora ibitero ku ba Taliban kubera wabita ko ari "umuhari b'abapagani".

IS irababajwe cane n'intambwe umukeba wayo yashitseko, ikaba iboneka ko izokora ibishoboka vyose kugira ngo iburizemwo utwigoro twose tw'aba Taliban two kugarukana ituze mu gihugu ku butegetsi bwabo.

Iyi mihari yompi biragoye ko ikorana, kandi aba Taliban ntibakeneye IS kuko kuri bo ni akarwi gato cane kandi ata buryo gafise muri Afghanistan.

Abashigikiye IS bariko baravuga vyinshi ku biriko biraba muri Afghanistan. Ikivugwa cane ni uko kuri bo aba Taliban ari ivyitso vya Amerika kandi ko Amerika yashize Afghanistan mu minwe y'aba Taliban biciye mu masezerano ya poritike.

Hari ukutumvikana kunini hagati y'abashigikiye umurwi w'abarwanyi b'umuhari wa ki Islam Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) ufise icicaro muri Syria hamwe n'abashigikiye al-Qaeda kubera ikibazo badahurizako c'uko HTS na Taliban boba ari bamwe.

Al-Qaeda n'abayishigikiye bafata HTS nk'umurwi wahemutse ukiyonkora ku rugamba rweranda rw'idini rya Islam (jihad).

Abanywanyi ba HTS bagiriza al-Qaeda: gushimagiza intambwe yatewe n'aba Taliban, muri uwo mwanya nyene igaca yiyamiriza HTS iyo ishatse gukora nkabo, nk'akarorero mu kwemerera ibihugu vyo mu burengero ko itazobitera.

Hanyuma ikibazo nyamukuru kiguma kigaruka mu mitwe y'abantu ni iki: none aba Taliban boba koko barahindutse?

Ashraf Ghani yahoze ari umukuru w'igihugu yahungiye muri UAE

Uwari umukuru w'igihugu Ashraf Ghani ari muri Emira Zunze Ubumwe z'Abarabu (UAE), nk'uko bitangazwa n'umushikiranganji w'imigenderanire wa kino gihugu co mu kigobe c'Abarabu.

Umuvugizi w'ubu bushikiranganji yasohoye itangazo, aho avuga ati: "Ubushikiranganji bw'imigenderanire n'ugufashanya n'ayandi makungu bwa UAE burashobora kwemeza ko UAE yakiriye Perezida Ashraf Ghani n'umuryango wiwe mu gihugu ku mpamvu z'ubutabazi".

Ashraf Ghani yahunze ku wa Mungu igihe aba Taliban bariko barigarurira umugwa mukuru Kabul, ariko gushika ubu ntivyari bizwi neza igihugu yahungiyemwo.

Aba Taliban bagifata ubutegetsi, hari amakuru yavuga ko yoba yari yahungiye muri kimwe mu bihugu bibanyi, ari Uzbekistan canke Tajikistan, ayandi nayo akavuga ko yoba yari yahungiye muri Oman.

Uno musi ku wa gatatu, niho hatangura kuvugwa ko yabonetse mu gisagara ca Abu Dhabi, umugwa mukuru wa Emira Zunze Ubumwe z'Abarabu.

Ihunga rya Ghani - yari arongoye Afghanistan kuva mu 2014 - ryaraneguwe bikomeye, mu bamunegura hakaba harimwo n'abari abashikiranganji muri reta yiwe.

Ghani yabandanije yisigura kuri iyo ngingo yiwe, aho aciye ku rubuga rwa Facebook yanditse ati: "Kugira ntihagire amaraso aseseka, nabonye ko vyiza nokura akarenge".

Uwuserukira Afghanistan muri Tajikstan avuga ko yahunganye imiriyoni 169 z'amadorari y'abanyamerika, nawe nyene akaba ri mu bamunegura ko "yahemukiye igihugu".

Mu kiganiro yahaye abanyamakuru ku mugwa mukuru wa Tajikstan, Dushanbe, Amb. Mohammad Zahir Aghbar yatangaje ko ibiro vy'ubuserukizi vyiteze kwemeza ku mugaragaro ko bishigikiye uwahoze ari icegera ca Ghani, Amrullah Saleh, nk'umukuru w'igihugu w'imfatakibanza wa Afghanistan.

Mu butumwa bw'ijwi bwahawe BBC mw'ijoro ryakeye, Saleh yavuze ko ari we ahagarariye ibiro vy'umukuru w'igihugu wa Afghanistan, aca yemeza ko "intambara itarahera".

Mu mafoto: ibiteramo n'imyiyerekano mu mpande zitandukanye z'isi

Kuva i Geneva gushika i Washington DC, abanyagihugu mu bice bitandukanye vy'isi bakoze imyiyerekano yo gushigikira abanyagihugu ba Afghanistan bongera basaba amareta y'ibihugu vyabo gufasha kugira ngo abariko barahunga ubutegetsi bw'aba Taliban bashobore kuva mu gihugu mu mahoro.

Aya ni amasanamu amwe y'ivyabaye ejo ku wa kabiri: