Ko za ka shiga jirgin sama da ba shi da matuƙi?

Ko ka taɓa firgita a yayin da jirgin sama ya lula da kai sama ?

Ga duk wadanda suka taɓa shiga cikin irin wannan yanayi zasu shaida maka cewa ba abun dariya ba ne.

Kuma akwai dalilai da dama da su ke sa mutane firgita.

Wasu mutane tun farko dama matsorata ne saboda yanayin matuƙin jirgin, inda suke tunanin ko matuƙin jirgin yana cikin yanayi na gajiya? Ko yana lura kuwa?

Shin ko irin wadannan mutanen za su fi jin dadi idan aka daina amfani da matuƙa jirgin sama kwata-kwata?

Tuni dai aka samu wannan fasahar- saboda jiragen sama marasa matuƙa ba sabon abu bane yanzu.

Sojoji na amfani da irin wadannan jirage a wuraren da ake fama da yake-yake inda ake sarrafa su da wata na'urar tafi da gidanka.

Hatta jiragen sama masu saukar ungulu za su iya kasance wa babu matuƙa, kamar jirgin sama ƙirar the K-MAX, wanda shi ne babban jirgi mai saukar ungulu da ake amfani dashi wajen kai kayayyakin agaji a wuraren da ake bukata wadanda kuma suke da hadari.

Hadurran jiragen sama ba kasafai su ke faruwa, amma a duk lokacin da suka faru, su kan yi wahalar shawo kan su, in ji Tim Robinson, babban edita mujallar ƙungiyar matuƙa jirgin sama ta Royal Aeronautical Society's.

Wannan yasa binciken da ake gudanarwa ya karkata ta fuskar ajizanci na dan adam a matsayin wasu daga cikin dalilan da kan janyo hadurran.

Ya yin da matuƙa jirgin sama suka dogara ga amfani da nu'rar da jirgin ke tuƙa kansa a cikin kashi 95 cikin 100 na zirga-zirga ta jiragen sama, muhawarar da ake yi ita ce, ko me zai hana a cike kashi 5 cikin 100 na amfani da wannan na'urar wajen tashi da saukar jiragen? In ji Robinson.

''Na'urar kwamfuta na iya tashin jirgin sama tare da bin tsari daidai inda ake so, amma ba cikin wani yanayi na magiya ba sakamakon shan barasa, babu wani tsaiko wanda hakan yasa wasu ke ganin ya fi tuƙin jirgi da mutum zai yi a nan gaba.

''Ya ce a wata muhawara da aka yi a ƙungiyar matuƙa jirgin sama a farkon wannan shekarar tsakanin matuƙa jirgin sama da injiniyoyi da masana kimiyya tare da wakilan kamfanonin jiragen sama, an kawo ƙudirin cewa ' ba za'a buƙaci matuƙa jirgi ba nan da shekaru 40 masu zuwa' inda aka samu ƙuri'u 60 na goyon baya yayin da 40 basa goyon baya.

A wani bukin baje koli na masu amfani da kayayyakin latoroni da aka yi a Las Vegas a watan Janairu, kamfanin ƙasar Sin mai suna Ehang ya fitar da wani jirgin sama na fasinja wanda shine na farko da bashi da matuƙi da ke amfani da wutar lantarki.

Jirgin ƙirar Ehang 184 na daukar mutum daya da jakar hannu guda daya kuma yana da na'urar sanyaya wuri da kuma hasken lantarki.

Domin tafiya a jirgin, fasinja na buƙatar tsara wuraren da zai je ya kuma latsa 'tashi' da kuma 'sauka' a naurar kwamfuta ta tafi da gidanka inda daga nan sai kwamfuta ta ci gaba da sauran.

Yayin da aka nade farfelar sa, jirgin kirar 184 nada fili kamar mutum yana cikin wata karamar mota.

Akwai kuma wasu shirye shirye da ake yi na bunkasa hanyar sufurin jirgin sama na kashin kai.

A Amurka, bara ne aka yi wani gwajin jirgin sama mai farfela biyu tare da fashinjoji biyu.

Jirgin da kamfanin Aurora Flight Sciences Corp ya ƙirkiro mai suna the Centaur, ana iya tafiyar da shi daga cikin jirgin ko kuma daga waje, kuma a lokacin gwajin, jirgin ya tashi ya kuma sauka ba tare da kowa ya shiga cikin sa ba.

Kamfani Airbus Group na aiki don ƙera Vahana, wata mota mai tashi sama kamar jirgi domin daukar fasinja ko kuma dakon kayayyaki yayin da kuma a Jamus shirin Volocopter ke fatan ƙera wani jirgi da bai da matuƙi da zai iya daukar mutane biyu.

Har ila yau, wani ƙokari daga nahiyar turai shine na myCopter, wanda ke duba irin fasahar da ake bukata don samar da sufurin jirgin sama ga masu bukata.

Masu bincike da suka yi aiki a wannan shiri daga cibiyar Max Planck da ke Tübingen, na ci gaba da ƙokarin gano yadda za'a iya sarrafa shi cikin sauki, in ji Heinrich Bülthoff, direktan cibiyar.

'muna ƙokarin muga jirgin sama mai saukar ungulu ya tashi cikin sauki kamar dai yadda ake tuka mota ta hanyar samun horo ba mai zurfi ba', inji Heinrich.

A Burtaniya an gudanar da wani bincike makamancin wannan da gamayyar wasu kamfanoni na al'umma da masu zaman kansu da ake kira Astraea; inda a shekarar 2013 aka ware musu Fam miliyan £62 domin su gudanar da bincike akan shirin jirgin sama marasa matuƙa.

Manufar dai itace binciko irin fasahar da ake bukata, kamar tunani da kuma sadarwar da sauran su, domin hada su wuri guda- inji Robinson.

Sai dai kasancewar sa jirgin da ake sarrafa shi da na'ura daga wani wuri ko kuma fasinja ne zai latsa wani wuri ko kuma wasu ne dake ƙasa zasu riƙa jan zare da zai sarrafa jirgin.

Wannan wata muhimmiyar tambaya ce da har yanzu ba'a kaiga bada amsarta ba.

Shin ko za'a iya samun natsuwar yin tafiye-tafiye a jirgin sama idan ba'a ganin matuƙa jirgi su biyu suna tafiyar da jirgin tare da yiwa fasinjoji bayanin yanayi a lokacin da hazo ko kuma rashin kyawun yanayi ya yi kamari?

A 'yan kwanakin nan babu wanda ke tunani kafin ya shiga cikin na'urar lifta dake kai mutum saman bene, duk da cewa a shekarun baya, rashin abkuwar hadarin amfani da Lifta ya danganta ne ga samun mutumin dake sarrafa na'urar a cikin sa.

Bisa ga dukkan alamu, jama'a sun fi samun natsuwa idan akwai matuƙin jirgin da ke tafiyar da al'amura kai tsaye a jirgin sama, a cewar masani kan tuƙin jirgin sama Stephen Rice.

Amma na'urorin kwamfuta basa fuskantar matsaloli dake janyo hadurra kamar yadda mataimakin matuƙin jirgi Andreas Lubitz, wanda a shekarar 2015 ya jefa wani jirgin saman fasinja na kasar Jamus kan wani tsauni a Faransa.

Jiragen sama da basu da matuƙa babu yadda za'a yi su iya kaucewa abkuwar irin wadannan hadurran kamar yadda Rice ke cewa.

"Ba wai don a nuna rashin kwarewa ba ga matuƙa jirgi, babu wata nau'rar dake tuƙa jirgi da zata iya sauke jirgi a Tekun Hudson.

Koda yake nau'rori basa fuskanta fargaba ko gajiya da ka iya shafar aikin su kuma basa kuskure wajen zartar da hunkunci, na'urori kan yi abun da aka bukace su ne kawai.

A don haka nan gaba zasu fi inganci ga kowa kowa da kowa.

Sai dai a cewar Michael Clamann, na jami'ar Duke, zai yi wahala a yi gano tare da magance wasu matsaloli daga kasa ba tare samun damar isa ga kowane bangare na jirgin sama ba.

Amma ba kowa ya amince da hakan ba.

Michael Clamann, wani masanin kimiyya a jami'ar Duke da ke Durham, arewacin Carolina, na ganin yanayin kaucewa hadurra kusan duk iri daya ne.

' Yayin da gaskiya ne akwai wasu lokuta ƙalilan da ake samun matuƙin jirgi ya kifar da jirgi da gangan, ko kuma ya yi wani babban kuskure, akwai kuma wasu misalai da matuƙa jirgi kan hana abkuwar wani bala'i ta hanyar samar da yanayi na warware matsala.

Robinson na ganin matakin farko na janye matuƙa a jiragen sama masu daukar fasinjoji shine a fara sannu a hankali.

Misali, wani bincike da ake gudanar wa a nahiyar turai na duba yiwuwar rage adadin ma'aikatan dake aiki a cikin jirgi tare da barin matuƙi jirgi daya kawai a ciki.

Shekaru 20 da suka gabata, ƙa'ida ne a samu matuƙa su uku a cikin jirgi amma yanzu an rage ƙa'idar zuwa matuƙa biyu, in ji Scott Winter, wani mataimakin Farfesa a cibiyar nazarin fasaha dake Florida.

Koda kuwa ya yi aiki, akwai wani batu mai cike da sarƙaƙiya, hadarin yiwuwar yin kutse a na'urorin jirgin sama da bai da matuƙi.

Na'urorin da ake da su a ƙasa tilas su kasance akwai kariya ta musamman ta fuskar tsaro kamar yadda Robinson ke cewa.

Clamann ya ƙara da cewa akwai bukatar a samu hayoyin hana abkuwar hakan da kuma hanyoyin kubutarwa domin kaucewa kai hari tare da ƙwato jirgin idan aka yi kutse a na'urorin sa.

A don haka mai yiwuwa nan da wasu shekaru masu zuwa, zaka riƙa shan shayi a wurin da matuƙa jirgi kan zauna.

Amma kafin lokacin, ka shirya ci gaba da jin bayanai na matuƙin jirgi tare da sanin cewa suna ganin abun da kake gani ta tagar jirgi, koda yake kujerar da suke zaune ta fi taka.

Idan kana son karanta wannan labarin a harshen Ingilishi latsa nan: Would you fly in a pilotless airliner