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Spending Review 2010: Key points at-a-glance
Chancellor George Osborne has announced the government's four-year Spending Review to Parliament, revealing some of the deepest cuts in public spending in decades.
The key announcements:
Spending Review documents
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- About 490,000 public sector jobs likely to be lost
- Average 19% four-year cut in departmental budgets
- Structural deficit to be eliminated by 2015
- £7bn in additional welfare budget cuts
- Police funding cut by 4% a year
- Retirement age to rise from 65 to 66 by 2020
- English schools budget protected; £2bn extra for social care
- NHS budget in England to rise every year until 2015
- Regulated rail fares to rise 3% above inflation
- Bank levy to be made permanent
Here, department by department, are more details.
Business, Innovation and Skills
Annual budget: £21.2bn
What's being cut: Annual cut of 7.1% or 25% over the period
Administration costs to be cut by £400m with 24 quangos axed. The Train to Gain programme to be axed. University funding to be cut and reform of student tuition fees building on Browne review. The science budget is to be frozen - in cash terms - rather than cut as had been feared. Funding for 75,000 adult apprenticeships a year.
Cabinet Office
Annual budget: £2.6bn
What's being cut: £55m cut in budget. Support for citizenship and "big society" projects. Cabinet Office officials to move into Treasury. Civil List cash funding for Royal Household to be frozen next year. New system of funding for Royal Household from 2013.
Communities and Local Government
Annual budget: £33.6bn
What's being cut: Councils will see a 7.1% annual fall in their budgets. But ring-fencing of local authority revenue grants will end and councils will have freedom to borrow against their assets. Funding for social housing to be cut by more than 60%, with new tenants having to pay higher rents. But the government hopes these changes will free up funds to build 150,000 new affordable homes over the next four years.
Culture, Media and Sport
Annual budget: £2bn
What's being cut: Budget cut 24% over four years. Administration costs to be cut 41% while core arts programmes will see a 15% fall in funding. Free museum entry to remain in place. BBC licence fee to be frozen for next six years. Corporation will also fund World Service and BBC Monitoring. Adds up to equivalent of 16% savings over the period.
Watch: Osborne on museum funding
Defence
Annual budget: £46.1bn
What's being cut: 8% cut over four years
The RAF and navy will lose 5,000 jobs each, the Army 7,000 and the Ministry of Defence 25,000 civilian staff. The Harrier jump jets and the Ark Royal aircraft carrier are being axed while the planned Nimrod spy planes will be cancelled. Key spending decision on Trident to be delayed until 2016.
Watch: The Chancellor on defence cuts
Education
Annual budget: £57.6bn
What's being cut: Overall, a 3.4% real term fall over four years. Five quangos to be abolished. But direct funding to schools in England is to be protected, their budgets rising from £35bn to £39bn. Confirmed £2.5bn "pupil premium" for teaching for disadvantaged pupils. Educational Maintenance Allowances to be replaced. Sure Start budget to be protected in cash terms.
Watch: Osborne on schools budget
Energy and Climate Change
Annual budget: £3.1bn
What's being cut: 5% annual budget cut, equivalent to 18% over the period. Plan for tidal barrage on the Severn estuary scrapped. But £200m funding for wind power development and £1bn for green investment bank.
Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
Annual budget: £2.9bn
What's being cut: 8% annual cut, equivalent to 29% over the period. More money for flood defence.
Foreign Office
Annual budget: £2.2bn
What's being cut: 24% cut in funding over four years. Reduction in Whitehall-based diplomats.
Health
Annual budget: £106.4bn
Outcome: The NHS in England will get a 1.3% real terms rise in funding by 2015. New cancer drug fund to be provided. But £20bn in efficiency and productivity savings sought in NHS by the end of the parliament. An extra £2bn for social care by 2014-15.
Home Office
Annual budget: £10.2bn
What's being cut: Budget cut of 6% a year, equivalent to 24% fall over the period.
Police budget cut by 4% a year, focused on bureaucracy rather than manpower. Aim to maintain "visibility and availability" of officers on beat. But some experts believe 18,000 police jobs could be lost. UK Border Agency budget to fall 20%. Counter-intelligence budget to fall 10%.
International development
Annual budget: £7.7bn
What's being cut: The overseas aid budget is to be protected from cuts but not the department's other costs. Budget to rise to £11.6bn over four years to meet UN aid commitment. But aid to China and Russia is to stop and there will be a reduction in administration costs.
Justice
Annual budget: £9.7bn
What's being cut: Budget to fall by 6% a year, equivalent to 23% over the period.
Plan for new 1,500-place prison to be dropped. 3,000 fewer prison places expected by 2015. £1.3bn capital investment in prison estate.
Northern Ireland/Scotland/Wales
Annual budget: £55.5bn
What's being cut: Scotland's block grant to fall by 6.8% by 2014-5. SNP ministers have said that cuts to the Scottish budget will threaten 12,000 jobs. Central funding for Wales is to be cut by 7.5% - the Welsh Assembly Government says its budget will be cut by £1.8bn in real terms over four years. Northern Ireland funding to be reduced by 6.9% over four years, First Minister Peter Robinson has said cuts to be implemented in Northern Ireland are worse than he had anticipated.
Transport
Annual budget: £13.6bn
What's being cut: 21% budget cut over four years. £30bn set aside for capital spending, including £500m for Tyne and Wear Metro and Tees Valley bus network. Crossrail project to go ahead in London. Rise in regulated cap on rail fares to 3% above inflation for three years from 2012.
Treasury
Annual budget: £4.4bn
Treasury spending hard to quantify as current year's spending is expected to be negative as a result of repaid loans to the banks.
What's being cut: 33% cut in budget over four years. Bank levy to be made permanent. £900m to target tax evasion. £1.5bn in compensation to Equitable Life policyholders hit by its near collapse. 15% cut in funding for Revenue and Customs.
Watch: The Chancellor on the bank levy
Work and Pensions
Annual budget: £9bn in departmental spending
Separate welfare and pensions budget: £192bn
Outcome: State pension age for men to start rising from 65 in 2018 - six years earlier than planned - and reaching 66 by 2020. Rise in retirement age for women to accelerate, also reaching 66 by 2020. The measures combined will save £5bn a year. Reform of public sector pensions to save £1.8bn by 2015, with employees likely to contribute more. Winter fuel allowance, free bus passes and TV licences for 75-year-olds protected. Cuts to child benefit for higher rate taxpayers to generate £2.5bn. £2bn investment in new universal credit. Weekly child element on child tax credit to rise by £30 in 2012 and £50 by 2012.
What's being cut?: A further £7bn in welfare savings planned on top of £11bn already announced. A new 12-month time limit for the one million people on employment and support allowance to find work or face benefit cut. 10% cut in council tax benefit budget. New threshold on housing benefit. Maximum savings award in pension credit to be frozen for four years. Increased working hours threshold for working tax credits for couples with children. New total benefits cap per family.
Watch: Osborne on welfare changes
Why we're in this situation
Tax and spending
- The government predicted in the June Budget that a total of £697bn would be spent in the year to the end of March 2011.
- It expects to raise £548bn in the year through taxation, with the biggest contributors being income tax, national insurance and VAT.
- In order to make up the difference between expected taxes and spending, it will have to borrow £149bn.
- The biggest areas of spending are health, education and social protection, which includes benefits such as jobseeker's allowance.
- If big savings are to be made without cutting areas such as health or international development, other areas will have to be cut significantly.
- There may also have to be cuts to pay for the interest that has to be paid on the government's debt, which will grow as borrowing rises.
HMRC 'failing to check tax reliefs'