Lots for England's captain and coach to ponder before the second Test in Adelaide then. Things are still raw today so maybe more questions than answers at the moment.
"England have almost no margin for error in the remaining four Tests," is the verdict of our chief cricket writer Stephan Shemilt, and you can read his report here.
There will be highlights of today's play available on BBC iPlayer from 17:00 GMT.
England have to be better in Adelaide, and play their best team in Adelaide. What have they learned? They have had time in the middle. We know Dawid Malan is good on these pitches, Haseeb Hameed has looked good and the captain is in okay form. The forecast for Adelaide looks bright and fresh so not sure how much the pink ball will move around, but England need to come back fighting.
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But it wasn't long until Marcus Harris stroked the winning boundary, a four off Mark Wood, to give Australia another victory at the 'Gabbatoir' in Brisbane.
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With Australia needing to chase just 20 to win there was one crumb of comfort for England as Ollie Robinson claimed the wicket of Alex Carey.
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Chris Knights: I think some people have forgotten that the reason for rotation was due to little thing called COVID-19, managing bubbles and player welfare. Chris Silverwood is just unfortunate to be the coach dealing with. Positivity people.
How's stat?!
Andy Zaltzman
BBC Test Match Special statistician
Australia Alex Carey was the first player to take eight catches on Test debut; two other wicketkeepers (Chris Read for England versus New Zealand in 1999 and Brian Taber, for Australia v South Africa in 1966-67) also had eight dismissals on debut, with seven catches and a stumping.
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Cycling David: Three actions England cricket need to do before next Ashes Test match:
1. Drop Rory Burns - useless!
2. Give role of captain to Ben Stokes - free up Joe Root. 3. Stop rotating or resting your best players and just play them! - e.g. Stuart Broad and James Anderson.
Will Young: To pick a spinner over a legendary seamer indicates you are picking for days four and five. Do we really think with this batting line up we will ever get much into day four, let alone five?
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Stuart Clark
Former Australia fast bowler on 5 live
I think the Aussies were too good for England, although they showed some fight yesterday. If they can get Australia into the field for long periods of time with quality players like Dawid Malan and Joe Root then they will make Australia fight to retain the Ashes.
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There were certainly some soft dismissals from England, Jon. But you would probably say only Ollie Robinson's was in the completely daft category.
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Jon Evans: We can discuss England's bowling selection as much as we like but the fact is, we were 220-2 overnight and still didn't make 300 and only made 147 on the first innings. Our batting is horrendous and has been for quite a while.
'A complete performance'
In his first match as Australia captain Pat Cummins praised his players for their display with bat and ball in a resounding win over England.
He said: "I am really proud of everyone. It was a complete performance. The bowlers did their thing on day one, Marnus and Davey with their big partnership, and the way Trav (Head) played is the sign of a positive, brave side.
"I was really happy with how everyone stuck to it [on day three]. We turned up today knowing we were ahead of the game.
"Trav can take the game away within a couple of hours. Everything we say to Trav is go out and play your own way. He has a bright future ahead."
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Methers: Can England please get off these central contracts as we are minimising our selection choice. There are far better players sitting at home or even playing in Australia's Big Bash that could perform better. Same old England - we won’t win the Ashes.
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Stuart Clark
Former Australia fast bowler on 5 live
Nathan Lyon looked like he was carrying a piano on his back with the doom and gloom over when he would get that 400th wicket. It's been talked about so much here as he waited 11 months to get it. Once he got that wicket of Dawid Malan we saw the Nathan Lyon of old - he got drift, turn and that spring back in his step in the wickets which followed.
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Piemontemio: Re JJ Haigh's tweet at 08:17 - Like everyone else has not realised what Silverwood is doing! The rotation policy drew a lot of criticism, so this match (and similar predecessors) is the response: get the batters to 'manage' the bowlers' workload by having so little to do second innings..
England fans are briefly spared having to watch their side struggle on the fourth morning of the first Ashes Test by a global outage of television pictures.
Australia have three talented pace bowlers, but Josh Hazlewood might miss the next Test with a side strain. The only problem is they have Jhye Richardson who is taking wickets for fun in the Sheffield Shield. It shouldn't be forgotten that Australia have won every single one of their pink ball Test matches at Adelaide.
Ben Stokes, playing in his first Test since he took a break from cricket for his mental health and to recover from a finger injury, made a dogged 14 off 49 balls in the second innings before being dismissed by Aussie skipper Pat Cummins.
The all-rounder looked a little rusty and England will hope he is able to find some form at Adelaide in the second Test.
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Lots for England's captain and coach to ponder before the second Test in Adelaide then. Things are still raw today so maybe more questions than answers at the moment.
"England have almost no margin for error in the remaining four Tests," is the verdict of our chief cricket writer Stephan Shemilt, and you can read his report here.
There will be highlights of today's play available on BBC iPlayer from 17:00 GMT.
Post update
Jonathan Agnew
BBC cricket correspondent on 5 live
England have to be better in Adelaide, and play their best team in Adelaide. What have they learned? They have had time in the middle. We know Dawid Malan is good on these pitches, Haseeb Hameed has looked good and the captain is in okay form. The forecast for Adelaide looks bright and fresh so not sure how much the pink ball will move around, but England need to come back fighting.
Post update
Video content
But it wasn't long until Marcus Harris stroked the winning boundary, a four off Mark Wood, to give Australia another victory at the 'Gabbatoir' in Brisbane.
Post update
Video content
With Australia needing to chase just 20 to win there was one crumb of comfort for England as Ollie Robinson claimed the wicket of Alex Carey.
Get Involved
#bbccricket
Chris Knights: I think some people have forgotten that the reason for rotation was due to little thing called COVID-19, managing bubbles and player welfare. Chris Silverwood is just unfortunate to be the coach dealing with. Positivity people.
How's stat?!
Andy Zaltzman
BBC Test Match Special statistician
Australia Alex Carey was the first player to take eight catches on Test debut; two other wicketkeepers (Chris Read for England versus New Zealand in 1999 and Brian Taber, for Australia v South Africa in 1966-67) also had eight dismissals on debut, with seven catches and a stumping.
Get Involved
#bbccricket
Cycling David: Three actions England cricket need to do before next Ashes Test match: 1. Drop Rory Burns - useless! 2. Give role of captain to Ben Stokes - free up Joe Root. 3. Stop rotating or resting your best players and just play them! - e.g. Stuart Broad and James Anderson.
Post update
Get Involved
#bbccricket
Will Young: To pick a spinner over a legendary seamer indicates you are picking for days four and five. Do we really think with this batting line up we will ever get much into day four, let alone five?
Post update
Stuart Clark
Former Australia fast bowler on 5 live
I think the Aussies were too good for England, although they showed some fight yesterday. If they can get Australia into the field for long periods of time with quality players like Dawid Malan and Joe Root then they will make Australia fight to retain the Ashes.
Post update
There were certainly some soft dismissals from England, Jon. But you would probably say only Ollie Robinson's was in the completely daft category.
Video content
Get Involved
#bbccricket
Jon Evans: We can discuss England's bowling selection as much as we like but the fact is, we were 220-2 overnight and still didn't make 300 and only made 147 on the first innings. Our batting is horrendous and has been for quite a while.
'A complete performance'
In his first match as Australia captain Pat Cummins praised his players for their display with bat and ball in a resounding win over England.
He said: "I am really proud of everyone. It was a complete performance. The bowlers did their thing on day one, Marnus and Davey with their big partnership, and the way Trav (Head) played is the sign of a positive, brave side.
"I was really happy with how everyone stuck to it [on day three]. We turned up today knowing we were ahead of the game.
"Trav can take the game away within a couple of hours. Everything we say to Trav is go out and play your own way. He has a bright future ahead."
Video content
Get Involved
#bbccricket
Methers: Can England please get off these central contracts as we are minimising our selection choice. There are far better players sitting at home or even playing in Australia's Big Bash that could perform better. Same old England - we won’t win the Ashes.
Post update
Stuart Clark
Former Australia fast bowler on 5 live
Nathan Lyon looked like he was carrying a piano on his back with the doom and gloom over when he would get that 400th wicket. It's been talked about so much here as he waited 11 months to get it. Once he got that wicket of Dawid Malan we saw the Nathan Lyon of old - he got drift, turn and that spring back in his step in the wickets which followed.
Video content
Get Involved
#bbccricket
Piemontemio: Re JJ Haigh's tweet at 08:17 - Like everyone else has not realised what Silverwood is doing! The rotation policy drew a lot of criticism, so this match (and similar predecessors) is the response: get the batters to 'manage' the bowlers' workload by having so little to do second innings..
'If England lose a wicket and nobody sees it, is it out?' - Gabba hit by more technology problems
England fans are briefly spared having to watch their side struggle on the fourth morning of the first Ashes Test by a global outage of television pictures.
Read morePost update
Simon Mann
BBC Test Match Special
Australia have three talented pace bowlers, but Josh Hazlewood might miss the next Test with a side strain. The only problem is they have Jhye Richardson who is taking wickets for fun in the Sheffield Shield. It shouldn't be forgotten that Australia have won every single one of their pink ball Test matches at Adelaide.
Injury concerns for Hazlewood & Warner
Josh Hazlewood and David Warner are injury concerns for Australia after their nine-wicket win over England in the first Ashes Test.
Read moreStokes shows some fight
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Ben Stokes, playing in his first Test since he took a break from cricket for his mental health and to recover from a finger injury, made a dogged 14 off 49 balls in the second innings before being dismissed by Aussie skipper Pat Cummins.
The all-rounder looked a little rusty and England will hope he is able to find some form at Adelaide in the second Test.